How to Get a CDL License
The complete 8-step guide — from minimum age requirements to TPR submission. Everything you need to go from zero to licensed commercial driver.
Getting your Commercial Driver's License (CDL) opens doors to a stable, well-paying career in the trucking industry. The process involves federal requirements (ELDT training), state-level testing (written and skills), and optional endorsements that expand what you can drive. This guide walks you through every step — with links to free resources along the way.
Quick answer: What do I need to get a CDL?
(1) Be 18+ (21 for interstate), (2) Pass a DOT physical, (3) Complete ELDT theory training (free here), (4) Pass the written test to get your CLP, (5) Complete behind-the-wheel training, (6) Pass the 3-part skills test, (7) Get your CDL from the DMV. Total time: 4–12 weeks. Total cost: $1,500–$12,000.
Meet the Minimum Age Requirements
You must be at least 18 years old to get a CDL for intrastate driving (within your home state). To drive interstate (across state lines) or haul hazardous materials, you must be at least 21 years old. You also need a valid, non-commercial driver's license — most states require you to have held it for at least 1–2 years.
Get Your CDL Learner Permit (CLP)
The Commercial Learner's Permit (CLP) is your first official step. Visit your state DMV with your regular driver's license, proof of identity, residency, and a valid DOT medical card. You'll take the CDL knowledge test (General Knowledge + any endorsement written tests you need). The CLP is valid for 180 days in most states and allows you to practice driving a commercial vehicle with a licensed CDL holder supervising.
Complete ELDT Theory Training
Since February 2022, the FMCSA requires Entry-Level Driver Training (ELDT) for all first-time CDL applicants. You must complete theory training from a provider registered on the FMCSA Training Provider Registry (TPR). Our ELDT courses are 100% free, self-paced, and cover Class A, Class B, and all endorsements (Hazmat, Passenger, School Bus). Your completion is automatically submitted to the TPR — no paperwork required.
Pass the Written Knowledge Test
The CDL written knowledge test covers General Knowledge and any endorsement-specific tests you need (Air Brakes, Combination Vehicles, Hazmat, Tanker, Passenger, School Bus, Doubles/Triples). Each test is multiple-choice with a passing score of 80% in most states. You can take the written test at your state DMV — some states allow third-party testing sites. Study with our 5,000+ state-specific practice questions to prepare.
Get Behind-the-Wheel (BTW) Training
Behind-the-wheel training is the hands-on driving portion of your CDL education. You must train with a BTW-certified provider from the TPR. Training covers range exercises (straight-line backing, offset backing, parallel parking) and public road driving (urban, rural, highway, intersections, railroad crossings). Programs typically last 3–6 weeks full-time or 8–12 weeks part-time. Some trucking companies offer paid training in exchange for a work commitment.
Pass the CDL Skills Test
The CDL skills test has three parts, all of which you must pass: (1) Pre-Trip Inspection — walk around the vehicle and identify all components, explaining what you're checking and what defects would disqualify the vehicle. (2) Basic Controls — backing maneuvers on a closed course: straight-line backing, offset backing, and parallel parking. (3) Road Test — driving on public roads demonstrating safe operation, lane changes, turns, and defensive driving. The DMV verifies your ELDT completion in the TPR before allowing you to test.
Add Endorsements (Optional)
Endorsements expand what you can haul or drive. Some require ELDT theory training (Hazmat, Passenger, School Bus), while others only require a written test (Tanker, Doubles/Triples). The Air Brakes endorsement is a written test that most Class A drivers get automatically. Hazmat also requires a TSA background check and fingerprinting. Adding endorsements increases your job opportunities and earning potential.
Submit to the TPR & Get Your CDL
Once you've completed ELDT theory training, BTW training, and passed your skills test, your training provider submits your completion to the FMCSA Training Provider Registry. The DMV verifies your TPR records and issues your CDL. You'll receive your physical CDL license by mail (or in person at some DMVs). Your CDL is valid for 5–8 years depending on your state, with periodic medical recertification required.
Ready to Start?
Begin your CDL journey today with free ELDT theory training and 5,000+ practice questions. No sign-up required, no hidden fees.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take to get a CDL license?▾
How much does it cost to get a CDL license?▾
Can I get a CDL without going to school?▾
What is the difference between a CLP and a CDL?▾
Do I need ELDT training to get a CDL?▾
What score do I need to pass the CDL written test?▾
Can I get a CDL at age 18?▾
What endorsements should I get with my CDL?▾
Related Guides
CDL Cost Guide
State-by-state breakdown of all CDL expenses.
CDL Skills Test Guide
What to expect on the 3-part skills test.
CDL Endorsements
Every endorsement explained — costs, tests, value.
CDL Study Schedule
14-day study plan to pass your permit test.
Pre-Trip Inspection Guide
Complete walkthrough with printable checklist.
CDL License Types
Class A vs B vs C — which one do you need?
Last verified: November 2026 · FMCSA-compliant content